Introduction

What are the implications of the Internet for art and culture critique? The Internet is changing expert critique by giving every user the opportunity to become a critic. The fifth issue of RESET deals with the development of critique in digital worlds: what objects does it apply to? Who produces it, and how? What effects does it have? A widening of the domain of critique? Critical activity has spread in cultural and artistic circles in order to mediate between publics, producers and creators..

Les collectifs de scénaristes ou la « fabrique » du métier

Dans un contexte actuel de revalorisation de certains formats télévisuels, les scénaristes de séries télévisées constituent un groupe professionnel en voie de visibilité mais toujours en quête de reconnaissance en France. Cet article propose d’étudier la façon dont les « collectifs », groupes informels de scénaristes professionnels, contribuent à requalifier les pratiques, les identités et les relations professionnelles mêmes de leurs membres. Les résultats présentés s’appuient sur une enquête qualitative en cours composée d’entretiens avec des scénaristes impliqués dans ces collectifs (N=22). L’article montre comment le fonctionnement et la gestion collégiale des collectifs contribuent à faire de ces espaces de discussion, socialement homogènes, des supports de formation. Le collectif contribue à fédérer les auteur·ice·s et à stabiliser leur identité professionnelle en concentrant la réflexion collective qu’ils et elles développent sur leurs compétences d’écriture et sur la mise à distance des logiques individualistes du travail créatif. Les collectifs fournissent, finalement, à leurs membres un soutien à la reconnaissance et à l’autonomie professionnelle dans l’industrie télévisuelle par un effet de labellisation et de rééquilibrage des rapports de pouvoir dans les relations avec les producteurs et les réalisateurs.Amid the resurgence of some television formats, writers of TV series form a professional group that has gained exposure but is still looking for recognition in France. This paper examines how ‘collectives,’—informal groups of professional screenwriters—contribute to redefining their members’ practices, identities, and professional relationships. Findings are drawn from an ongoing qualitative study based on interviews with writers involved in these collectives (N=22). We show that the collegial functioning and management of these groups is instrumental in turning them into socially homogeneous venues for discussion and training aids. Collectives help bring together writers and stabilize their professional identity by focusing their collective reflection on their writing skills and ways to combat the individualistic rationales currently prevailing in creative work. Ultimately, collectives support their members in their quest for recognition in the profession and autonomy within the television industry through their labelling effect and contribution to the reversal of power relations with producers and directors.En el contexto actual de revalorización de ciertos formatos audiovisuales en Francia, los guionistas de series televisadas constituyen un grupo profesional que llega a visibilidad pero siempre en busca de reconocimiento. Este artículo se propone estudiar la manera en que los «colectivos», grupos informales de guionistas profesionales, contribuyen a recalificar las prácticas, las identidades las mismas relaciones profesionales de sus miembros. Los resultados presentados se basan en una investigación cualitativa en curso, compuesta de entrevistas a los guionistas de estos colectivos (N=22). El artículo muestra como el funcionamiento y la gestión colegial de los colectivos contribuyen a hacer de estos espacios de discusión, socialmente homogéneos, soportes de formación. El colectivo ayuda a federar autores y autoras y a estabilizar su identidad profesional, concentrando la reflexión colectiva sobre sus competencias de escritura y sobre la puesta en distancia de las lógicas individualistas del trabajo creativo. Finalmente, los colectivos proporcionan a sus miembros un apoyo para el reconocimiento y la autonomía profesionales en la industria televisual, por un efecto de certificación y de reequilibrio de las relaciones de poder en relación a los productores y realizadores

Screenwriters’ Collectives or the “Making Of” a Profession

Amid the resurgence of some television formats, writers of TV series form a professional group that has gained exposure but is still looking for recognition in France. This paper examines how ‘collectives,’—informal groups of professional screenwriters—contribute to redefining their members’ practices, identities, and professional relationships. Findings are drawn from an ongoing qualitative study based on interviews with writers involved in these collectives (N=22). We show that the collegial functioning and management of these groups is instrumental in turning them into socially homogeneous venues for discussion and training aids. Collectives help bring together writers and stabilize their professional identity by focusing their collective reflection on their writing skills and ways to combat the individualistic rationales currently prevailing in creative work. Ultimately, collectives support their members in their quest for recognition in the profession and autonomy within the television industry through their labelling effect and contribution to the reversal of power relations with producers and directors.Dans un contexte actuel de revalorisation de certains formats télévisuels, les scénaristes de séries télévisées constituent un groupe professionnel en voie de visibilité mais toujours en quête de reconnaissance en France. Cet article propose d’étudier la façon dont les « collectifs », groupes informels de scénaristes professionnels, contribuent à requalifier les pratiques, les identités et les relations professionnelles mêmes de leurs membres. Les résultats présentés s’appuient sur une enquête qualitative en cours composée d’entretiens avec des scénaristes impliqués dans ces collectifs (N=22). L’article montre comment le fonctionnement et la gestion collégiale des collectifs contribuent à faire de ces espaces de discussion, socialement homogènes, des supports de formation. Le collectif contribue à fédérer les auteur·ice·s et à stabiliser leur identité professionnelle en concentrant la réflexion collective qu’ils et elles développent sur leurs compétences d’écriture et sur la mise à distance des logiques individualistes du travail créatif. Les collectifs fournissent, finalement, à leurs membres un soutien à la reconnaissance et à l’autonomie professionnelle dans l’industrie télévisuelle par un effet de labellisation et de rééquilibrage des rapports de pouvoir dans les relations avec les producteurs et les réalisateurs.En el contexto actual de revalorización de ciertos formatos audiovisuales en Francia, los guionistas de series televisadas constituyen un grupo profesional que llega a visibilidad pero siempre en busca de reconocimiento. Este artículo se propone estudiar la manera en que los «colectivos», grupos informales de guionistas profesionales, contribuyen a recalificar las prácticas, las identidades las mismas relaciones profesionales de sus miembros. Los resultados presentados se basan en una investigación cualitativa en curso, compuesta de entrevistas a los guionistas de estos colectivos (N=22). El artículo muestra como el funcionamiento y la gestión colegial de los colectivos contribuyen a hacer de estos espacios de discusión, socialmente homogéneos, soportes de formación. El colectivo ayuda a federar autores y autoras y a estabilizar su identidad profesional, concentrando la reflexión colectiva sobre sus competencias de escritura y sobre la puesta en distancia de las lógicas individualistas del trabajo creativo. Finalmente, los colectivos proporcionan a sus miembros un apoyo para el reconocimiento y la autonomía profesionales en la industria televisual, por un efecto de certificación y de reequilibrio de las relaciones de poder en relación a los productores y realizadores

Introduction

Qu’advient-il de la critique culturelle depuis l’avènement d’Internet ? En offrant la possibilité à chacun de devenir critique, Internet peut être vu comme le lieu d’une prolifération d’« avis » dans le domaine de la culture, et plus largement dans celui de la consommation, conduisant à des transformations majeures de la critique culturelle experte traditionnelle. Ce cinquième numéro de la revue RESET explore le développement dans les mondes numériques de cette activité. Il pose la question d..

David H. Finkelstein, La expresión y lo interno, KRK Ediciones, Oviedo, España (Traducción de Lino San Juan), 2010, 392 p.

 “Toda interpretación pende, juntamente con lo interpretado, en el aire; no puede servirle de apoyo. Las interpretaciones solas no determinan el significado”Wittgenstein, Investigaciones filosóficas § 198 Introducción La obra del filósofo estadounidense David H. Finkelstein, Expression and the Inner, publicada originariamente en 2003 por Harvard University Press (2ª ed. 2008) puede ahora leerse en la versión española de Lino San Juan, editada por la ovetense KRK Ediciones con el título: La ex..

Unacylated Ghrelin is associated with the isolated low HDL-cholesterol obese phenotype independently of insulin resistance and CRP level

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Low plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) level is commonly present in obesity and represents an independent cardiovascular risk factor. However, obese patients are a very heterogeneous population and the factors and mechanisms that contribute to low HDL-c remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between plasma HDL-c levels and plasma hormonal profiles (insulin, adiponectin, resistin, leptin and ghrelin) in subsets of class II and III obese patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fasting plasma levels of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides, free fatty acids, apoproteins A-I, B-100, B-48, C-II, C-III, insulin, hs-CRP, adipocytokines (adiponectin, resistin, leptin), unacylated ghrelin, body composition (DXA) and resting energy expenditure were measured in three subsets of obese patients: 17 metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) with metabolic syndrome and the typical metabolic dyslipidaemia, 21 metabolically healthy obese (MHO) without metabolic syndrome and with a normal lipid profile, and 21 isolated low HDL-c obese patients (LHO) without metabolic syndrome, compared to 21 healthy lean control subjects.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) increased gradually from MHO to LHO and from LHO to MAO patients (<it>p </it>< 0.05 between MHO and MAO and between LHO and MAO). In multiple regression analysis, serum unacylated ghrelin levels were only positively and independently associated with HDL-c levels in the LHO group (<it>p </it>= 0.032).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest that, in class II and III obese patients with an isolated low HDL-c phenotype, unacylated ghrelin is positively associated with HDL-c level independently of insulin resistance and CRP levels, and may contribute to the highly prevalent low HDL-c level seen in obesity.</p

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries : a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8–13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05–6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50–75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life.peer-reviewe

Séminaire CaNoE - Présentation de P. Steiner, une "sociologie économique de la fête"

Fêtes de Bayonnecrédits : Joxemai / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0) Lors de sa venue au séminaire de l’équipe du projet ANR CaNoE, Philippe Steiner (Sorbonne Université, GEMASS) a exposé ses réflexions sur une sociologie économique de la fête, en présentant son travail sur les Fêtes de Bayonne. Ce billet ne rend pas compte de façon exhaustive de l’ensemble de la présentation mais en propose une synthèse en développant quelques-unes des idées principales. L’analy..

The very high cardiovascular risk in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: Analysis of 734 French patients.

International audienc